Karyotyping: Current perspectives in diagnosis of chromosomal disorders

Suresh Kandagal Veerabhadrappa; Pramod Redder Chandrappa; Seema Yadav Roodmal; Sharan J Shetty; Gunjiganur S Madhu Shankari; Kumbar P Mohan Kumar

doi:10.4103/2148-7731.182000

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Year : 2016 | Volume : 3 | Issue : 2 | Page : 35-40

Karyotyping: Current perspectives in diagnosis of chromosomal disorders

Suresh Kandagal Veerabhadrappa¹, Pramod Redder Chandrappa², Seema Yadav Roodmal³, Sharan J Shetty⁴, Gunjiganur S Madhu Shankari², Kumbar P Mohan Kumar²
¹ Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
² Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, India
³ Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, AJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
⁴ Department of Periodontology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission's Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Correspondence Address:
Suresh Kandagal Veerabhadrappa
Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9, Jalan Teknologi, Taman Sains, Petaling Jaya, Kota Damansara, Selangor - 47810
Malaysia

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/2148-7731.182000

A majority of the genetic abnormalities are directly related to the chromosomal aberrations. Cytogenetics is the diagnostic study of the structure and properties of chromosomes and cell division, which employs various methods, one of them being "karyotyping." It refers to a procedure of photographic representation of a stained preparation in which the chromosomes are arranged in a standard manner. The development of newer techniques such as "karyotyping" has made it possible to visualize undetected chromosomal anomalies such as small portions of chromosomes and translocations of tiny parts of chromosomes to one another. Because such procedures also enabled each pair of chromosomes to be distinguished individually, it has helped to further our understanding of the chromosomal basis of certain important genetic disorders. This review article highlights the importance of "karyotyping" and its importance in the diagnosis of chromosomal disorders.

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